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Difference between revisions of "How do I format my contents?"

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(Strukturierte Formatierung, Vorlagen und Standards)
(Wiki Syntax and HTML)
 
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<div class="breadcrumb">
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{{Breadcrumb|en|Wie formatiere ich meine Inhalte?|Getting started}}
{{up}} [[Getting started]] | {{de}} [[Wie formatiere ich meine Inhalte?]]
 
</div>
 
  
 
__TOC__
 
__TOC__
 
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== Wiki Syntax and HTML ==
== Wiki syntax and HTML ==
 
  
 
You can only enter simple text in the edit field of an article. In order to convert this text to properly formatted content when presenting the article, you have to insert structuring and formatting instructions in the text. The text field supports the use of two languages here:
 
You can only enter simple text in the edit field of an article. In order to convert this text to properly formatted content when presenting the article, you have to insert structuring and formatting instructions in the text. The text field supports the use of two languages here:
  
 
* Wiki's own syntax. This is especially simple and allows even inexperienced authors to create properly structured and formatted text quickly.
 
* Wiki's own syntax. This is especially simple and allows even inexperienced authors to create properly structured and formatted text quickly.
* Parts of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML HTML] including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets CSS]. However, you should only use HTML/CSS if the desired objective cannot be achieved with the assistance of Wiki's own syntax.
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* Parts of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML HTML] including [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets CSS]. However, you should only use HTML/CSS if the desired objective cannot be achieved using Wiki's own syntax.
  
If you actually need HTML/CSS in the article, you will need knowledge of these languages. We will look primarily at the fundamentals of the Wiki syntax here.
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If you actually need HTML/CSS in an article, you will need knowledge of these languages. We will look primarily at the fundamentals of the Wiki syntax here.
  
 
You can use the [[Sandbox|sandbox]] to familiarize yourself with the formatting options described below.
 
You can use the [[Sandbox|sandbox]] to familiarize yourself with the formatting options described below.
  
== Headings and paragraphs ==
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== Breadcrumb ==
 +
 
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If possible the page should have a breadcrumb link path.
 +
 
 +
Information about syntax and examples are available on the template page: [[Template:Breadcrumb]].
 +
 
 +
== Headings and Paragraphs ==
  
 
Always split longer articles into a number of sections. Each section is introduced by a section heading. This is how you format a section heading:
 
Always split longer articles into a number of sections. Each section is introduced by a section heading. This is how you format a section heading:
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  <nowiki>== Text of section heading ==</nowiki>
 
  <nowiki>== Text of section heading ==</nowiki>
  
The character sequence <tt>==</tt> is annotated before and after the text of the section heading. This corresponds to a Level 2 heading. Level 1 headings are reserved for the page heading.
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The character sequence <tt>==</tt> is added before and after the text of the section heading. This corresponds to a Level 2 heading. Level 1 headings are reserved for the page heading.
  
 
To insert this type of section heading, you can also click the following symbol in the format bar above the edit field:
 
To insert this type of section heading, you can also click the following symbol in the format bar above the edit field:
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  And another text paragraph
 
  And another text paragraph
  
If you want to insert a forced line break at a certain point within a text paragraph, you have to use HTML (more precisely: XHTML). Enter the character sequence at the appropriate point <tt>&lt;br /&gt;</tt>.
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If you want to insert a forced line break at a certain point within a text paragraph, you have to use HTML (more precisely: XHTML). Enter the character string <tt>&lt;br /&gt;</tt> at the appropriate point.
  
Separators can be inserted in order to visually split parts in the running text that do not logically belong together more efficiently. To do this, simply annotate four hyphens in succession in a separate text line:
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Separators can be inserted as a more visually efficient means of splitting parts in the running text that do not logically belong together. To do this, simply add four hyphens in succession in a separate text line:
  
 
  <nowiki>----</nowiki>
 
  <nowiki>----</nowiki>
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----
 
----
  
Note however that section headings are underlined as a result and a visual split appears automatically between sections.
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Note, however, that section headings are underlined as a result and a visual split appears automatically between sections.
  
== Formatting in the text ==
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== Formatting in the Text ==
  
 
You can highlight individual words or passages within a text using '''bold''', ''italics'' or '''''bold and italics'''''. The relevant markings look as follows:
 
You can highlight individual words or passages within a text using '''bold''', ''italics'' or '''''bold and italics'''''. The relevant markings look as follows:
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[[Image:Formatierleiste-italic.gif]] = Mark text as italics
 
[[Image:Formatierleiste-italic.gif]] = Mark text as italics
  
For special formats, you will need to use HTML. These are a few meaningful possibilities:
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For special formats, you will need to use HTML. These are a few possible options:
  
 
* Use <tt>&lt;sup&gt;Text&lt;/sup&gt;</tt> to mark text as superscript (e.g. 16<sup>3</sup>)
 
* Use <tt>&lt;sup&gt;Text&lt;/sup&gt;</tt> to mark text as superscript (e.g. 16<sup>3</sup>)
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* Use <tt>&lt;tt&gt;Text&lt;/tt&gt;</tt> to mark text as non-proportional (e.g. <tt>code example</tt>)
 
* Use <tt>&lt;tt&gt;Text&lt;/tt&gt;</tt> to mark text as non-proportional (e.g. <tt>code example</tt>)
  
== Enumerations and lists ==
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== Enumerations and Lists ==
  
Lists are used to break up text. In addition, they provide structure. There are lists that are used for itemizing points of equal importance and numbered lists that are used for step-by step descriptions.
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Lists are used to break up text. In addition, they provide structure. Lists are used for itemizing points of equal importance while numbered lists are used for step-by-step descriptions.
  
Enumerations lists are annotated as follows:
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Enumeration lists are annotated as follows:
  
 
  <nowiki>* List item</nowiki>
 
  <nowiki>* List item</nowiki>
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To define a header cell, first enter an exclamation mark in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.
 
To define a header cell, first enter an exclamation mark in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.
  
To define a table cell, first enter a vertical bar in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.
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To define a data cell, first enter a vertical bar in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.
  
 
Cell contents can contain formatting, links, graphics etc. in addition to pure text.
 
Cell contents can contain formatting, links, graphics etc. in addition to pure text.
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Make sure that you enter content in every table row for every column. If the content of a cell is to remain blank, enter the starting character (exclamation mark or vertical bar) and leave the following text row blank.  
 
Make sure that you enter content in every table row for every column. If the content of a cell is to remain blank, enter the starting character (exclamation mark or vertical bar) and leave the following text row blank.  
  
=== Connect cells ===
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=== Connecting Cells ===
  
 
You need to insert a HTML attribute to connect cells. An example of this is given below:
 
You need to insert a HTML attribute to connect cells. An example of this is given below:
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  |-
 
  |-
 
  | rowspan="2" | Data cell 2nd. and 3rd. row 1st. column
 
  | rowspan="2" | Data cell 2nd. and 3rd. row 1st. column
  | Header cell 2nd. row 2nd. column
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  | Data cell 2nd. row 2nd. column
  | Header cell 2nd. row 3rd. column
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  | Data cell 2nd. row 3rd. column
 
  |-
 
  |-
  | Header cell 3rd. row 2nd. column
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  | Data cell 3rd. row 2nd. column
  | Header cell 3rd. row 3rd. column
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  | Data cell 3rd. row 3rd. column
 
  |}</nowiki>
 
  |}</nowiki>
  
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You can use <tt>colspan="2"</tt> to extend a cell within a table row across two columns. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more columns. Note that correspondingly fewer remaining cells may be defined in the relevant row.
 
You can use <tt>colspan="2"</tt> to extend a cell within a table row across two columns. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more columns. Note that correspondingly fewer remaining cells may be defined in the relevant row.
  
You can use <tt>rowspan="2"</tt> to extent a cell across a number of table rows in the same column. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more rows. Note that correspondingly fewer cells may be defined in the next table rows.
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You can use <tt>rowspan="2"</tt> to extend a cell across a number of table rows in the same column. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more rows. Note that correspondingly fewer cells may be defined in the next table rows.
  
A combination of <tt>colspan</tt> and <tt>rowspan</tt> in a cell is permitted.
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The combination of <tt>colspan</tt> and <tt>rowspan</tt> in a cell is also permitted.
  
Cells with entries for <tt>colspan</tt> and/or <tt>rowspan</tt> start like normal cells with a vertical bar (data cells) or an exclamation mark (header cell). The notation for the HTML attribute then follows this and after that a vertical bar and after that again the cell content.
+
Cells with entries for <tt>colspan</tt> and/or <tt>rowspan</tt> start like normal cells with a vertical bar (data cell) or an exclamation mark (header cell). The notation for the HTML attribute then follows this and after that a vertical bar and after that again the cell content.
  
=== Frameless tables ===
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=== Borderless Tables ===
  
To connect frames around tables and table cells, you have to insert <tt>class="noborder"</tt> in this Wiki both in the table and in the table cells. Example:
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To suppress borders around tables and table cells, you have to insert <tt>class="noborder"</tt> in this Wiki both in the table and in the table cells. Example:
  
 
  <nowiki>
 
  <nowiki>
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|}
 
|}
  
== Other formatting options ==
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== Footnotes ==
 +
 
 +
Refer to {{wp|en|Wikipedia:Footnotes|Footnotes}} in the Wikipedia Help.
 +
 
 +
Example in this Wiki: [[optiPoint WL2 professional interoperability matrix]].
 +
 
 +
== Other Formatting Options ==
  
 
Please refer also to the following pages within the Help for this Wiki:
 
Please refer also to the following pages within the Help for this Wiki:
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* {{en}} [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Help Official MediaWiki Handbook]
 
* {{en}} [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Help Official MediaWiki Handbook]
  
== Structured formatting, templates and standards ==
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== Structured Formatting, Templates and Standards ==
  
The more frequently an article is produced with similar content, the more sense it makes to use templates and standards to give the articles a uniform look and feel. We therefore provide a number of templates in our Wiki to make it easier for you to create such articles.  
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The more frequently an article with similar content is produced, the more sense it makes to use templates and standards to give the articles a uniform look and feel. We therefore provide a number of templates in our Wiki to make it easier for you to create such articles.  
  
The following templates are currrently available in the '''Template''' namespace (selection):
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The following templates are currently available in the '''Template''' namespace (selection):
  
* [[Template:TOC]]: Kurz-Inhaltsverzeichnis
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* [[Template:TOC]]: Short table of contents
* [[Template:File-DL]]: Filedownload-Link
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* [[Template:File-DL]]: File download link
* [[Template:DefaultTable]]: Formatierung einer Standard-Tabelle
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* [[Template:wp]]: Link to Wikipedia (EN or DE)
* [[Template:FeatureBox Phone]]: Vorlage für eine Standard-Featureliste
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* [[Template:Info]]: Labeling a paragraph as important
* [[Template:ProcedureTable]]: Vorlage für eine Prozedur-Tabelle
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* [[Template:Warning]]: Labeling a paragraph as very important
* [[Template:fixme]]: Kennzeichen zur Erledigung
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* [[Template:DefaultTable]]: Formatting of a default table
* [[Template:stillde]]: Kennzeichen zur Übersetzung DE > EN
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* [[Template:FeatureBox Phone]]: Template for a default list of features
* [[Template:stillen]]: Kennzeichen zur Übersetzung EN > DE
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* [[Template:ProcedureTable]]: Template for a procedure table
* [[Template:constr]]: Hinweis für "in Bearbeitung"
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* [[Template:OpenStage Open Source Software]]: Article structure on OpenStage open source software pages
* [[Template:dontchange]]: Hinweis für "bitte nicht ändern"
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* [[Template:fixme]]: Means completed
 +
* [[Template:QA]]: Quality assurance required
 +
* [[Template:QAnote]]: Notice of required quality assurance
 +
* [[Template:stillde]]: Means DE > EN translation
 +
* [[Template:stillen]]: Means EN > DE translation
 +
* [[Template:constr]]: Means "in process"
 +
* [[Template:dontchange]]: Means "please do not change"
 +
* [[Wiki:SeeAlso Templates|''SeeAlso'' Templates]]
  
The following proposed layouts are currrently available in the '''Wiki''' namespace (selection):
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The following proposed layouts are currently available in the '''Wiki''' namespace (selection):
  
 
* [[Wiki:Template Phone]]
 
* [[Wiki:Template Phone]]
  
To insert a template in the article text, insert <tt><nowiki>{{template name}}</nowiki></tt>.  
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To insert a template in the article text, use the notation <tt><nowiki>{{template name}}</nowiki></tt>.  
  
 
Some templates also require parameters. You will find additional information in this regard on the template pages.
 
Some templates also require parameters. You will find additional information in this regard on the template pages.

Latest revision as of 07:34, 28 April 2011

Wiki Syntax and HTML

You can only enter simple text in the edit field of an article. In order to convert this text to properly formatted content when presenting the article, you have to insert structuring and formatting instructions in the text. The text field supports the use of two languages here:

  • Wiki's own syntax. This is especially simple and allows even inexperienced authors to create properly structured and formatted text quickly.
  • Parts of HTML including CSS. However, you should only use HTML/CSS if the desired objective cannot be achieved using Wiki's own syntax.

If you actually need HTML/CSS in an article, you will need knowledge of these languages. We will look primarily at the fundamentals of the Wiki syntax here.

You can use the sandbox to familiarize yourself with the formatting options described below.

Breadcrumb

If possible the page should have a breadcrumb link path.

Information about syntax and examples are available on the template page: Template:Breadcrumb.

Headings and Paragraphs

Always split longer articles into a number of sections. Each section is introduced by a section heading. This is how you format a section heading:

== Text of section heading ==

The character sequence == is added before and after the text of the section heading. This corresponds to a Level 2 heading. Level 1 headings are reserved for the page heading.

To insert this type of section heading, you can also click the following symbol in the format bar above the edit field:

Formatierleiste-abschnitt.gif

Depending on the size and complexity, an article may also require subsections or even sub-subsections. These sections are also introduced by a heading and are formatted as follows:

=== Text of subsection heading ===
==== Text of sub-subsection heading ====

You should avoid further hierarchical structuring however.

You do not need any special marking for text paragraphs. Separate the section headings and text sections as well as text paragraphs using a blank line. Example:

== Text of section heading ===
 
This is a text paragraph. The text is wrapped automatically.
 
This is another text paragraph.
 
== This is another section heading ===
 
And another text paragraph

If you want to insert a forced line break at a certain point within a text paragraph, you have to use HTML (more precisely: XHTML). Enter the character string <br /> at the appropriate point.

Separators can be inserted as a more visually efficient means of splitting parts in the running text that do not logically belong together. To do this, simply add four hyphens in succession in a separate text line:

----

This creates the following effect in the presentation view:


Note, however, that section headings are underlined as a result and a visual split appears automatically between sections.

Formatting in the Text

You can highlight individual words or passages within a text using bold, italics or bold and italics. The relevant markings look as follows:

This is an example of text with ''italic'' writing, '''bold''' writing and '''''bold and italic''''' writing.

To insert this formatting, you can also click the following symbols in the format bar:

Formatierleiste-bold.gif = Mark text as bold

Formatierleiste-italic.gif = Mark text as italics

For special formats, you will need to use HTML. These are a few possible options:

  • Use <sup>Text</sup> to mark text as superscript (e.g. 163)
  • Use <sub>Text</sub> to mark text as subscript (e.g. S0)
  • Use <u>Text</u> to mark text as underscored (e.g. underscore)
  • Use <strike>Text</strike> to mark text as struck-through (e.g. invalid)
  • Use <big>Text</big> to mark text as zoomed in (e.g. magnifying glass)
  • Use <small>Text</small> to mark text as zoomed out (e.g. bird's eye view)
  • Use <tt>Text</tt> to mark text as non-proportional (e.g. code example)

Enumerations and Lists

Lists are used to break up text. In addition, they provide structure. Lists are used for itemizing points of equal importance while numbered lists are used for step-by-step descriptions.

Enumeration lists are annotated as follows:

* List item
* Another list item
* Yet another list item

Every list item starts in a new line. The first character is an asterisk. The example above produces the following presentation content:

  • List item
  • Another list item
  • Yet another list item

Numbered lists are annotated in a similar way:

# First list item
# Second list item
# Third list item

The example produces the following presentation content:

  1. First list item
  2. Second list item
  3. Third list item

Nested lists are also possible. Example:

* List item
* Another list item
** Sub-item for "Another list item"
** Another sub-item for "Another list item"
* Yet another list item

The same principle applies for numbered lists. Sub-lists always only have simple numbering however. Numbering such as 1.2 or 1.2.1 cannot be automated.

Tables

Tables are intended for representing tabular data and not for multi-column contents or separate boxes. Tables in this Wiki are therefore provided automatically with reticule lines. The example below shows how a data table is essentially created with Wiki syntax:

 {|
 ! Header cell 1st. column
 ! Header cell 2nd. column
 ! Header cell 3rd. column
 |-
 | Data cell 1st. column
 | Data cell 2nd. column
 | Data cell 3rd. column
 |}

This then looks as follows in the presentation view:

Header cell 1st. column Header cell 2nd. column Header cell 3rd. column
Data cell 1st. column Data cell 2nd. column Data cell 3rd. column

The definition of a table begins in a new text row with the character string {|. The definition of the table is terminated at the end with the character string |}. The | is the vertical bar.

Every table row is introduced in a new text row with the character string |-.

To define a header cell, first enter an exclamation mark in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.

To define a data cell, first enter a vertical bar in a new text row followed by the desired cell content.

Cell contents can contain formatting, links, graphics etc. in addition to pure text.

Make sure that you enter content in every table row for every column. If the content of a cell is to remain blank, enter the starting character (exclamation mark or vertical bar) and leave the following text row blank.

Connecting Cells

You need to insert a HTML attribute to connect cells. An example of this is given below:

 {|
 ! Header cell 1st. column
 ! Header cell 2nd. column
 ! Header cell 3rd. column
 |-
 | colspan="2" | Data cell 1st. row 1st. and 2nd. column
 | Data cell 1st. row 3rd. column
 |-
 | rowspan="2" | Data cell 2nd. and 3rd. row 1st. column
 | Data cell 2nd. row 2nd. column
 | Data cell 2nd. row 3rd. column
 |-
 | Data cell 3rd. row 2nd. column
 | Data cell 3rd. row 3rd. column
 |}

This looks as follows in the presentation view:

Header cell 1st. column Header cell 2nd. column Header cell 3rd. column
Data cell 1st. row 1st. and 2nd. column Data cell 1st. row 3rd. column
Data cell 2nd. and 3rd. row 1st. column Data cell 2nd. row 2nd. column Data cell 2nd. row 3rd. column
Data cell 3rd. row 2nd. column Data cell 3rd. row 3rd. column

You can use colspan="2" to extend a cell within a table row across two columns. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more columns. Note that correspondingly fewer remaining cells may be defined in the relevant row.

You can use rowspan="2" to extend a cell across a number of table rows in the same column. You can of course also select a higher value than 2 if the cell is to span more rows. Note that correspondingly fewer cells may be defined in the next table rows.

The combination of colspan and rowspan in a cell is also permitted.

Cells with entries for colspan and/or rowspan start like normal cells with a vertical bar (data cell) or an exclamation mark (header cell). The notation for the HTML attribute then follows this and after that a vertical bar and after that again the cell content.

Borderless Tables

To suppress borders around tables and table cells, you have to insert class="noborder" in this Wiki both in the table and in the table cells. Example:

 {| class="noborder" 
 ! class="noborder" | Header cell 1st. column
 ! class="noborder" | Header cell 2nd. column
 ! class="noborder" | Header cell 3rd. column
 |-
 | class="noborder" | Data cell 1st. column
 | class="noborder" | Data cell 2nd. column
 | class="noborder" | Data cell 3rd. column
 |}

This produces the following output in the presentation view:

Header cell 1st. column Header cell 2nd. column Header cell 3rd. column
Data cell 1st. column Data cell 2nd. column Data cell 3rd. column

Footnotes

Refer to Wikipedia (en) Footnotes in the Wikipedia Help.

Example in this Wiki: optiPoint WL2 professional interoperability matrix.

Other Formatting Options

Please refer also to the following pages within the Help for this Wiki:

Detailed and systematic descriptions can also be found in the following external source:

Structured Formatting, Templates and Standards

The more frequently an article with similar content is produced, the more sense it makes to use templates and standards to give the articles a uniform look and feel. We therefore provide a number of templates in our Wiki to make it easier for you to create such articles.

The following templates are currently available in the Template namespace (selection):

The following proposed layouts are currently available in the Wiki namespace (selection):

To insert a template in the article text, use the notation {{template name}}.

Some templates also require parameters. You will find additional information in this regard on the template pages.